Why do Indian films turn encounter specialists into heroes?

Why do encounter killings often receive public applause? From Sholay to contemporary Indian cinema, this article examines how popular films shape perceptions of justice, celebrate extrajudicial violence and challenge the principles of due process, presumption of innocence and the rule of law.

Sneha Pan
15 min read
From Sholay: The Final Cut (2025): Thakur kills Gabbar in the film’s original ending.

From Sholay: The Final Cut (2025): Thakur kills Gabbar in the film’s original ending.

There is something revealing about the two endings of Sholay (1975). In the original ending, Thakur Baldev Singh kills Gabbar Singh, the man who murdered his family and mutilated him. In the version released in cinemas, however, Thakur is stopped before delivering the fatal blow and Gabbar is taken into police custody. During the Emergency, the Central Board of Film Certification objected to the original sequence on grounds that included excessive violence and its depiction of a former police of...

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Sneha Pan
Sneha Pan
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